They are called crawlers or chain(in simple words). Made from steel or rubber (in case of small machine or vehicle). Actually it is used in heavy duty machine ( Crane). This crawlers is required for better traction while moving (as it is heavyweight) and larger base area (contact pitch) while working. It take place of big wheels (tyre).
Generally it is hydraulic drive but In case of small crawlers like snow mobiles it is mechanically driven.
This type of crowlers are used in verities of Automobile, From small snow mobiles to large crains. This type of vehicle are called SPV ( special purpose vehicle)
Incase of snow mobiles main purpose of crowlers is weight distribution on snow same is in the case of tank (for better off-roading).
THANX
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